WHAT IS NATURE?
EC Talks
May 27, 2020
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Nature
Hello
World! Here is your blogger again after a long time with an interesting hot
topic. As today, we all are more concerned about Nature, Environment and its
biological diversity. And we all want to save them. But the thing is that we
all are unaware of the importance and the basic knowledge of Nature. So, in
this article I’ll highlight the real facts, importance, uses, benefits, beauty,
inter-relationships of Nature and the difference between Nature and
Environment. I hope you guys will be excited. The purpose of this article is to
provide you all with the true crux of Nature which will help us to aware
ourselves and others. So let’s start with the ride to the Nature.
“The phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to humans or human creations”.
Nature, in the broadest sense, is the natural, physical, or
material world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general.
The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are part of nature, human activity is
often understood as a separate category from other natural phenomena.
The word nature is derived from the Latin word natura, or
"essential qualities, innate disposition", and in ancient times,
literally meant "birth". In ancient philosophy, Natura is mostly
used as the Latin translation of the Greek word physis (φύσις),
which originally related to the intrinsic characteristics that plants, animals,
and other features of the world develop of their own accord.
Within the various uses of the word today,
"nature" often refers to geology and wildlife. Nature can refer to the
general realm of living plants and animals, and in some cases to the processes
associated with inanimate objects—the way that particular types of things exist
and change of their own accord, such as the weather and geology of the Earth. It is often taken to mean the "natural
environment" or wilderness—wild animals, rocks, forest, and in general those things
that have not been substantially altered by human intervention, or which
persist despite human intervention. For example, manufactured objects and human
interaction generally are not considered part of nature, unless qualified as,
for example, "human nature" or "the whole of nature". This
more traditional concept of natural things that can still be found today
implies a distinction between the natural and the artificial, with the
artificial being understood as that which has been brought into being by a human consciousness or a human mind. Depending on the particular context, the term
"natural" might also be distinguished from the unnatural or the supernatural.
IMPORTANCE OF NATURE IN OUR LIVES
Everything humans have needed to survive, and
thrive, was provided by the natural world around us: food, water, medicine,
materials for shelter, and even natural cycles such as climate and nutrients.
Scientists have come to term such gifts ‘ecosystem services’.
The rise of technology and industry may have
distanced us superficially from nature, but it has not changed our reliance on
the natural world: most of what we use and consume on a daily basis remains the
product of multitudes of interactions within nature, and many of those
interactions are imperiled. Beyond such physical goods, the natural world
provides less tangible, but just as important, gifts in terms of beauty, art,
and spirituality. Here is a selective sampling of nature’s importance to
our lives;
- Fresh
water: There is no physical substance
humans require more than freshwater: without water we can only survive a few
hellish days. While pollution and overuse has threatened many of the world’s
drinking water sources, nature has an old-fashioned solution, at least, to
pollution. Healthy freshwater ecosystems—watersheds, wetlands, and
forests—naturally clean pollution and toxins from water. Soils, microorganisms,
and plant roots all play a role in filtering and recycling out pollutants with
a price far cheaper than building a water filtration plant. According to
research, the more bio-diverse the ecosystem, the faster and more efficiently
water is purified.
- Pollination: Imagine trying to pollinate every apple blossom in an orchard: this is what nature does for us. Insects, birds, and even some mammals, pollinate the world’s plants, including much of human agriculture. Around 80% of the world’s plants require a different species to act as pollinator. In agriculture, pollinators are required for everything from tomatoes to cocoa, and almonds to buckwheat, among hundreds of other crops. Globally, agricultural pollination has been estimated to be worth around $216 billion a year. However large such monetary estimates don’t include pollination for crops consumed by livestock, bio-fuels, ornamental flowers, or the massive importance of wild plant pollination.
- Seed
dispersal: Much like pollination, many of
the world’s plants require other species to move their seeds from the parent
plant to new sprouting ground. Seeds are dispersed by an incredibly
wide-variety of players: birds, bats, rodents, megafauna like elephants and
tapir, and even, researchers have recently discovered, fish. Seed dispersal is
especially important for tropical forests where a majority of plants depend on
animals to move.
- Pest control: A recent study found that bats save US agriculture billions of dollars a year simply by doing what they do naturally: eating insects, many of which are potentially harmful to US crops. Almost all agricultural pests have natural enemies, along with bats, these include birds, spiders, parasitic wasps and flies, fungi, and viral diseases. The loss, or even decline, of such pest-eating predators can have massive impacts on agriculture and ecosystems.
- Soil health: The ground under our feet matters more than we often
admit. Healthy fertile soil provides optimal homes for plants, while
participating in a number of natural cycles: from recycling nutrients to
purifying water. Although soil is renewable, it is also sensitive to overuse
and degradation often due to industrial agriculture, pollution, and
fertilizers. Natural vegetation and quality soil also mitigates excessive
erosion, which can have dramatic impacts from loss of agricultural land to
coastlines simply disappearing into the sea.
- Medicine: Nature is our greatest medicine cabinet: to date it has provided humankind with a multitude of life-saving medicines from quinine to aspirin, and from morphine to numerous cancer and HIV-fighting drugs. There is no question that additionally important medications—perhaps even miracle cures—lie untapped in the world’s ecosystems. In fact, researchers estimate that less than 1% of the world’s known species have been fully examined for their medicinal value. However the ecosystems that have yielded some of the world’s most important and promising drugs—such as rain forests, peat swamps, and coral reefs—are also among the most endangered. Preserving ecosystems and species today may benefit, or even save, millions of lives tomorrow.
- Fisheries: Humankind has turned to the rivers and seas for food for at least 40,000 years but probably even longer. Today, amid concern of a global fishery collapse, more than a billion people depend on fish as their primary source of protein, many of them among the global poor. Fisheries also provide livelihoods, both directly and indirectly, for around half a billion. Coral reefs, mangroves, and sea grass ecosystems provide nurseries for the world’s fisheries, while the open ocean is used for migrating routes and hunting. Even with the direct importance of the world’s fisheries for food, stewardship has been lacking, allowing many populations to drop precipitously and still permitting ecologically destructive fishing. While the world’s fisheries are primarily threatened by over fishing, including bycatch, marine pollution is also a major problem.
- Biodiversity and wildlife abundance: The argument to save the world’s wildlife has often come from an aesthetic point of view. Many conservationists have fought to save species simply because they like a particular species. This is often why more popularly known animals—tigers, elephants, rhinos—receive far more attention than less popular (although just as endangered) wildlife—for example, the red belly egg frog, the smokey bat, or the bastard quiver tree. But beyond making the world a less lonely, less boring, and less beautiful place—admirable reasons in themselves—many of the services provided by biodiversity are similar to those provided by all of nature. Biodiversity produces food, fibers, wood products; it cleans water, controls agricultural pests, pollinates and dispersers the world plants; and provides recreation, such as bird watching, gardening, diving, and ecotourism.
- Climate regulation: The
natural world helps regulate the Earth’s climate. Ecosystems such as
rain forests, peat lands, and mangroves store significant amounts of carbon,
while the ocean captures massive amounts of carbon through phytoplankton. While
regulating greenhouse gases are imperative in the age of climate change, new
research is showing that the world’s ecosystems may also play a role in
weather. A recent study found that the Amazon rain forest acted as its own
‘bioreactor’, producing clouds and precipitation through the abundance of plant
materials in the forest.
- Economy: In the common tension viewed between the economy and the environment—e.g. do we clear-cut a forest or conserve it?—one fact is often neglected: the environment underpins the entire global economy. Without fertile soils, clean drinking water, healthy forests, and a stable climate, the world’s economy would face disaster. By imperiling our environment, we imperil the economy. According to research published in Science, the global worth of total ecosystem services could run between $40-60 trillion a year.
- Health: Recent
research has found what nature-lovers have long expected: spending time in a
green space, such as a park, provides benefits for one’s mental and physical
health. Exercising in a park, instead of inside a gym, has shown to provide
mental health benefits as a greater sense of well-being. Walking for 20 minutes
in a green space has been proven to help children with ADHD improve their
concentration, even working as well, or better, than medication. People who
live in more natural settings have better overall health, even when research
has taken into account economic differences.
- Art: Imagine poetry without flowers, painting without landscapes, or film without scenery. Imagine if Shakespeare had no rose to compare Juliet to, or if William Blake had no Tyger to set alight. Imagine if Van Gogh lacked crows to paint or Durer a rhinoceros to cut. What would the Jungle Book be without Baloo or the Wind in the Willows without Mr. Badger? Imagine My Antonia without the red grass of the American prairie or Wuthering Heights without the bleak moors. How would The Lord of the Rings film series appear without the stunning mountain ranges of New Zealand, or Lawrence of Arabia without the desert of North Africa? There is no question that the natural world has provided global arts with some of its greatest subjects. What we lose in nature, we also lose in art.
- Spiritual: While some of what nature provides us is measurable, most of what nature gives us is simply beyond measure. Economic measurements are useful; but as with most of what happens in the world, economics is simply incapable of capturing true worth. Science is also a useful measurement regarding the importance of nature, but once again cannot measure what nature means—practically and aesthetically—to each individual.
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT to VALUE NATURE?
The natural world is an incredible wonder that
inspires us all. It underpins our economy, our society, indeed our very
existence. Our forests, rivers, oceans and soils provide us with the food we
eat, the air we breathe, the water we irrigate our crops with. We also rely on
them for numerous other goods and services we depend on for our health,
happiness and prosperity.
These natural assets are often called
the world's 'natural capital'. These benefits are also hugely important to
the economy – from farming and forestry to leisure and tourism. If you add them
all up, the total value of these benefits is phenomenal – at
least US$125 trillion every year.
Because nature is free, we often take it for granted and over exploit it. We clear forests, over fish oceans, pollute rivers and build over wetlands without taking account of the impact this will have. By not taking into account the benefits we get from nature, we create huge social and economic costs for ourselves.
We need to look at the value of nature in economic and social terms to help us better understand the full implications of the choices we make. Instead of making decisions based on short-term financial interests, we can look at the longer-term benefits for people and the economy-and of course nature itself. Using this argument, we're persuading governments and businesses to take better care of the natural world, so that it can continue to sustain us all into the future.
NATURE V/S ENVIRONMENT
We usually get confused between Environment
and Nature. We sometimes use it together or in place of each other. But there
is a huge difference in Environment and Nature. When we talk about Environment,
it covers air
pollutants, global warming, the greenhouse effect, and other dangers to the
planet. It also includes a glossary of environmental terms as well as a brief
directory of environmental organizations. It also includes energy crises, its
consumption and much more. Basically it includes the impact of anthropogenic
activities on environmental variables. While talking about Nature, we simply
talk about the appreciation of beauty of Earth’s animals, plants and biodiversity.
We don’t consider its crises.
Hope this
article helped you a lot in understanding the true essence of Nature and the
major difference between Nature and Environment.
